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[Herpetic neonatal hepatitis].

B Boumahni1, S Djemili, P Gérardin

  • 1Service de réanimation néonatale et infantile, groupe hospitalier Sud Réunion, BP 350, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France. boumahni.b@wanadoo.fr

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|August 3, 2005
PubMed
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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) hepatitis is a rare but serious condition in newborns. Early diagnosis and prompt antiviral treatment with acyclovir significantly improve outcomes for affected infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Virology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections can manifest in various organ systems.
  • Herpetic hepatitis is an uncommon presentation of neonatal HSV infection, rarely documented in medical literature.

Observation:

  • Two cases of neonatal herpetic hepatitis are presented.
  • Case 1: A 16-day-old infant presented with hemorrhagic syndrome, shock, and severe hepatic insufficiency, later confirmed as HSV-1 infection.
  • Case 2: A 4-day-old infant exhibited fever, respiratory distress, and developed severe hepatic insufficiency, confirmed as HSV-2 infection.

Findings:

  • Both cases involved severe hepatic insufficiency.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed HSV in blood and CSF (Case 1) and blood (Case 2).

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  • Genotyping identified HSV-1 in Case 1 and HSV-2 in Case 2.

    • Implications:

    • Herpetic hepatitis should be considered in neonates presenting with severe hepatic insufficiency.
    • Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of acyclovir treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes.
    • Successful treatment with intravenous and oral acyclovir led to normal clinical and biological examinations in the long term for both infants.