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Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Christian Guilleminault1, Ji Hyun Lee, Allison Chan

  • 1Stanford University Sleep Disorders Program, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. cguil@stanford.edu

Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
|August 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) involves various symptoms and syndromes. Early consideration of OSAS is crucial for affected children, with adenotonsillectomy and orthodontic treatments being key interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a significant public health concern.
  • Orthodontic and craniofacial abnormalities are often overlooked in pediatric OSAS.
  • Polysomnography is essential for diagnosing sleep-disordered breathing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence-based knowledge on pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).
  • To highlight the importance of orthodontic and craniofacial factors in pediatric OSAS.
  • To discuss current treatment options and their indications.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published articles on pediatric OSAS.
  • Extraction of clinical symptoms, polysomnographic findings, and treatment data.

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  • Analysis of authors' recommendations for diagnosis and management.

    • Main Results:

    • Adenotonsillectomy is a primary treatment, but patient selection is critical.
    • Nasal continuous positive airway pressure is effective but requires patient and family cooperation.
    • Orthodontic treatment is a valuable, often overlooked, complementary therapy for pediatric OSAS.
    • Craniofacial abnormalities require careful assessment in pediatric OSAS patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric OSAS is associated with numerous symptoms and syndromes.
    • Diagnosis of OSAS should be considered in children presenting with relevant symptoms.
    • Integrated treatment approaches, including orthodontics, may improve outcomes for pediatric OSAS.