[Arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease: clinical and functional aspects]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Internal Medicine
• Clinical Research

Background:

• Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
• Arterial hypertension (AH) is a common comorbidity in CHD patients.
• The interplay between CHD and AH requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of arterial hypertension (AH) severity on cardiovascular function and clinical presentation in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
• To evaluate exercise tolerance, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias, and recovery patterns in CHD patients across different AH grades.

Main Methods:

• A study involving 196 men with verified coronary heart disease (CHD).
• Subjects were categorized into four groups based on arterial hypertension (AH) severity: no AH, mild AH, moderate AH, and severe AH (SAH).
• Veloergometry was used to assess cardiovascular function and exercise capacity.

Main Results:

• The presence and severity of AH significantly affected the functional status and clinical manifestations in CHD patients.
• AH aggravated ECG signs of myocardial ischemia, increased painless ischemia and ventricular arrhythmias, and reduced physical tolerance.
• Cardiovascular system economy decreased, pressor reaction effectiveness lowered, and recovery of systolic pressure was prolonged, especially in severe AH (SAH) cases.

Conclusions:

• Arterial hypertension significantly alters cardiovascular function and clinical outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease.
• Severe arterial hypertension in CHD patients represents a distinct clinical entity necessitating tailored evaluation and therapeutic strategies.
• Understanding these interactions is crucial for optimizing management of comorbid CHD and AH.