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The Spinal Cord01:54

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The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
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The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
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A Neuronal Apoptosis Model induced by Spinal Cord Compression in Rat
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A Neuronal Apoptosis Model induced by Spinal Cord Compression in Rat

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Nontraumatic spinal cord compression.

R D Schmidt1, V Markovchick

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Denver General Hospital, CO 80204-4507.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|March 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nontraumatic spinal cord compression can cause rapid paralysis or subtle symptoms. This review covers common causes of myelopathy, such as hemorrhage, abscess, tumors, and skeletal disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Spinal Cord Medicine

Background:

  • Nontraumatic spinal cord compression presents a spectrum of clinical scenarios, from acute, severe paralysis to insidious neurological deficits.
  • Understanding the common etiologies is crucial for timely diagnosis and management of spinal cord dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the four most frequent causes of nontraumatic spinal cord compression leading to myelopathy.
  • To highlight the diverse clinical presentations associated with these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on spinal canal hemorrhage, spinal abscess, tumors, and skeletal disease as causes of myelopathy.
  • Synthesis of clinical manifestations and diagnostic considerations for each etiology.

Main Results:

  • Spinal canal hemorrhage, spinal abscess, tumors, and skeletal disease are the predominant causes of nontraumatic spinal cord compression.
  • Clinical presentations vary significantly, ranging from rapid onset paralysis to subtle, progressive neurological changes.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt recognition of nontraumatic spinal cord compression is vital for preventing irreversible neurological damage.
  • While rare, other etiologies of spinal cord compression exist but are less common than the four discussed.