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Strategies of adaptation: interpopulation selection differentials.

Olga L Kurbatova1, Elena Yu Pobedonostseva, Vitalina A Privalova

  • 1N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia. kurbatova@vigg.ru

Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Science
|August 5, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Human populations exhibit diverse adaptive strategies based on economy. Tribal groups show balanced selection pressures, while urban populations experience relaxed selection due to reduced mortality and family planning.

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Area of Science:

  • Human evolution
  • Population genetics
  • Anthropology

Background:

  • Selection intensities vary across human populations.
  • Crow's indices provide a measure of total selection.
  • Environmental and cultural factors influence human adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze spatial and temporal variations in human selection intensities.
  • To compare adaptive strategies across populations with different economies.
  • To investigate the impact of modernization on selection pressures.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of published data on Crow's indices from 278 human populations.
  • Statistical comparison of selection components (fertility and mortality) across diverse groups.
  • Examination of ecological, cultural, and economic influences on selection.

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Main Results:

  • Populations with different economies display distinct adaptive strategies.
  • In tribal populations, differential fertility and mortality contribute equally to selection and are influenced by ecology.
  • Urban populations show significant selection relaxation, with negligible mortality selection and reduced fertility due to cultural factors like family planning.

Conclusions:

  • Economic type is a key determinant of human adaptive strategies.
  • Modernization leads to selection relaxation in urban populations.
  • Understanding selection dynamics is crucial for human evolutionary studies.