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Related Experiment Videos

Effect of fluid force on vascular cell function.

Susumu Kudo1, Ryuhei Yamaguchi, Mariko Ikeda

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan. kudous@sic.shibaura-it.ac.jp

Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Science
|August 5, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Long-term exposure to shear stress desensitizes endothelial cells, reducing their intracellular calcium responses. Shear stress magnitude also differentially affects macromolecule uptake in these cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Endothelial cells (ECs) lining blood vessels experience continuous shear stress from blood flow.
  • Shear stress influences intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) dynamics, triggering cellular responses.
  • Understanding EC responses to shear stress is crucial for vascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of long-term shear stress exposure on [Ca2+]i responses in cultured ECs.
  • To examine how varying magnitudes of shear stress affect macromolecule uptake by ECs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized confocal laser microscopy and a calcium indicator to monitor [Ca2+]i in cultured ECs.
  • Applied controlled shear stress (20 dyn/cm2) for extended periods (up to 24 hours).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed macromolecule uptake under different shear stress conditions (low vs. high).

    • Main Results:

    • Initial shear stress exposure (0 hr) elicited [Ca2+]i responses in 27% of ECs.
    • With prolonged exposure (24 hr), the percentage of responsive cells decreased to approximately 4%.
    • Low shear stress enhanced macromolecule uptake, while high shear stress inhibited it.

    Conclusions:

    • Long-term shear stress exposure significantly attenuates [Ca2+]i signaling in ECs.
    • The magnitude of shear stress plays a critical role in regulating EC macromolecule transport.
    • These findings highlight the adaptive and dose-dependent nature of ECs to mechanical stimuli.