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Curcumin: the story so far.

R A Sharma1, A J Gescher, W P Steward

  • 1Cancer Biomarkers and Prevention Group, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK. ras20@le.ac.uk

European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
|August 6, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Curcumin, a compound from turmeric, shows promise for cancer prevention and treatment due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Clinical trials are recommended for gastrointestinal cancers, despite bioavailability challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology
  • Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

  • Curcumin is a polyphenol from turmeric with demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
  • Its mechanisms involve antioxidant capacity, enzyme inhibition, immuno-modulation, and effects on angiogenesis and cell adhesion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmacological properties of curcumin relevant to cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy.
  • To assess the potential for clinical evaluation of oral curcumin in gastrointestinal malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical data on curcumin's mechanisms of action.
  • Analysis of pharmacokinetic data regarding oral curcumin bioavailability.
  • Evaluation of existing clinical data and recommendations for future trials.

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Main Results:

  • Curcumin exhibits potent antioxidant activity and modulates multiple cancer-related cell signaling pathways.
  • Preclinical studies show curcumin can affect gene transcription and induce apoptosis.
  • Biologically active levels of curcumin are achievable in the gastrointestinal tract.

Conclusions:

  • Curcumin's multifaceted action and ability to reach therapeutic concentrations in the GI tract support its investigation.
  • Phase II clinical trials of oral curcumin are warranted for patients with gastrointestinal tract malignancies, including colon and rectal cancers.