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Genomic polymorphisms for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis diagnostics.

Makeda Semret1, David C Alexander, Christine Y Turenne

  • 1McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1A4.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|August 6, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen. Genomic analysis identified specific large sequence polymorphisms (LSPs) that can be used to develop accurate diagnostic tests for this bacterium in animals and humans.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Microbiology
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is an emerging mammalian pathogen with potential zoonotic implications.
  • Current diagnostic assays for MAP are insufficient for accurate prevalence assessment in humans and animals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genomic differences between MAP and its close relative Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (MAA) using a comparative genomic approach.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of identified genomic regions for MAP detection.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative genomics and DNA microarray analysis of prototype strains MAP K10 and MAA 104.
  • Identification of two types of large sequence polymorphisms (LSPs): LSP(A)s (present in MAA, absent in MAP) and LSP(P)s (present in MAP).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Screening of 383 Mycobacterium avium complex isolates for the distribution of selected LSPs.

    • Main Results:

    • The absence of LSP(A)8 demonstrated 100% specificity for identifying MAP.
    • Seven out of 17 examined LSP(P) regions showed high specificity (>98%) and sensitivity (up to 95%) for MAP detection.
    • Identified LSPs provide potential targets for developing accurate diagnostic tests.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific LSPs, particularly the absence of LSP(A)8 and seven specific LSP(P) regions, are highly valuable for differentiating MAP from MAA.
    • These findings pave the way for developing improved diagnostic tools for MAP surveillance and control.