High frequency of aspirin resistance in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Gultekin F Hobikoglu1, Tugrul Norgaz, Huseyin Aksu
1Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, Cardiology Department, Istanbul, Turkey. ghobikoglu@hotmail.com
Insights
Aspirin resistance is more common in patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) despite aspirin use. This increased prevalence suggests aspirin may be less effective for ACS patients, impacting cardiovascular disease outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pharmacology
- Platelet Physiology
Background:
- Aspirin is a cornerstone for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
- Aspirin resistance, where aspirin fails to inhibit platelet aggregation, is a recognized clinical challenge.
- The prevalence and implications of aspirin resistance in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients remain under-evaluated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of aspirin resistance in patients hospitalized with ACS while on aspirin therapy.
- To investigate the association between aspirin resistance and the severity and extent of coronary artery disease in ACS patients.
Main Methods:
- Platelet function was assessed using the PFA-100 assay in 104 ACS patients and 100 stable coronary artery disease patients, all on aspirin.
- Coronary angiography was performed in a subset of ACS patients.
- Aspirin resistance was defined based on PFA-100 results.
Main Results:
- Aspirin resistance was significantly more prevalent in ACS patients (40.3%) compared to stable coronary artery disease patients (27%) (p=0.04).
- ACS patients with aspirin resistance were older and exhibited more severe myocardial damage.
- No significant differences in angiographic severity or extent of coronary artery disease were found between aspirin-resistant and aspirin-sensitive ACS patients.
Conclusions:
- The frequency of aspirin resistance is higher in patients who develop ACS while on aspirin therapy.
- Aspirin resistance in ACS is associated with older age and greater myocardial damage, but not necessarily with more severe coronary artery disease.
- These findings highlight the clinical importance of recognizing aspirin resistance in ACS management.
Abstract:
Aspirin is widely used for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, but is not effective for all patients. This phenomenon is called as aspirin resistance. Although the prognosis is worse in patients who develop acute coronary syndrome (ACS) while using aspirin, the frequency of aspirin resistance in these patients has not been evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of aspirin resistance in patients with ACS and to determine its relationship with the angiographic severity and extent of the associated coronary artery disease. The present study included 104 patients with ACS (75 men, 60.4 +/- 10.8 years) who were hospitalized while using aspirin for at least last 7 days and 100 patients with stable coronary artery disease (73 men, 57.6 +/- 10.6 years), documented by coronary angiography, history of revascularization or myocardial infarction (MI), and the use of aspirin for last 7 days. The latter group had no MI or ACS for last 3 months. Platelet function was assessed with PFA-100, which simulates primary homeostasis at injured blood vessels. Coronary angiography was performed in 83 cases of the patients with ACS during hospital stay. Aspirin resistance is more prevalent in patients with ACS (40.3%) when compared with stable coronary artery disease patients (27%). The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.04). The ACS patients with aspirin resistance were older and had severe myocardial damage. However, there were no significant differences in angiographic severity and extent of coronary artery disease between aspirin-resistant and aspirin-sensitive patients. Frequency of aspirin resistance is higher in patients who develop ACS while using aspirin than that in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
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