High frequency of aspirin resistance in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Gultekin F Hobikoglu1, Tugrul Norgaz, Huseyin Aksu

  • 1Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, Cardiology Department, Istanbul, Turkey. ghobikoglu@hotmail.com

Insights

Aspirin resistance is more common in patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) despite aspirin use. This increased prevalence suggests aspirin may be less effective for ACS patients, impacting cardiovascular disease outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Platelet Physiology

Background:

  • Aspirin is a cornerstone for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
  • Aspirin resistance, where aspirin fails to inhibit platelet aggregation, is a recognized clinical challenge.
  • The prevalence and implications of aspirin resistance in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients remain under-evaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of aspirin resistance in patients hospitalized with ACS while on aspirin therapy.
  • To investigate the association between aspirin resistance and the severity and extent of coronary artery disease in ACS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Platelet function was assessed using the PFA-100 assay in 104 ACS patients and 100 stable coronary artery disease patients, all on aspirin.
  • Coronary angiography was performed in a subset of ACS patients.
  • Aspirin resistance was defined based on PFA-100 results.

Main Results:

  • Aspirin resistance was significantly more prevalent in ACS patients (40.3%) compared to stable coronary artery disease patients (27%) (p=0.04).
  • ACS patients with aspirin resistance were older and exhibited more severe myocardial damage.
  • No significant differences in angiographic severity or extent of coronary artery disease were found between aspirin-resistant and aspirin-sensitive ACS patients.

Conclusions:

  • The frequency of aspirin resistance is higher in patients who develop ACS while on aspirin therapy.
  • Aspirin resistance in ACS is associated with older age and greater myocardial damage, but not necessarily with more severe coronary artery disease.
  • These findings highlight the clinical importance of recognizing aspirin resistance in ACS management.

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