Laparoscopic repair of idiopathic perforation of urinary bladder

A 45-year-old man presented with a 10-day history of dysuria and abdominal distention. Clinical examination revealed free intraperitoneal fluid and tenderness in the lower abdomen. Hematological and biochemical parameters were normal except blood urea nitrogen of 76 mg/dL and serum creatinine of 3.4 mg/dL. Ultrasonography confirmed moderate ascites with normal-appearing kidneys. In view of high creatinine level, normal kidneys, and acute-onset moderate ascites, urinary ascites was suspected. A micturating cystogram showed extensive intraperitoneal extravasation of the contrast. Cystoscopy identified a 2.5-cm perforation on the right side of the dome of the bladder. A laparoscopic closure of the perforation was carried out in 2 layers. The histopathology of the excised edge showed nonspecific inflammatory changes, and a subsequent urodynamic study was normal. The patient remains well 3 years later. This case highlights the successful use of laparoscopy in the treatment of a rare urological condition and reviews the previously reported cases of laparoscopic closure of bladder perforation.