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Related Experiment Videos

Specific G proteins mediate endothelin induced contraction.

K N Bitar1, S Stein, G M Omann

  • 1University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0658.

Life Sciences
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Endothelin causes smooth muscle contraction in the rabbit rectosigmoid. Its signaling involves two specific Gi alpha proteins, one for transient and one for sustained contraction.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Signaling
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictor found in the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Its role in gastrointestinal smooth muscle function requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transmembrane signaling mechanisms of endothelin in rabbit rectosigmoid smooth muscle cells.
  • To identify the specific G proteins involved in endothelin-induced contractions.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated smooth muscle cells from rabbit rectosigmoid were used.
  • Endothelin's effects on cell contraction were measured in varying calcium concentrations.
  • Specific G protein antisera (Gi3 alpha, Gi1-2 alpha) were employed to block signaling pathways.

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Main Results:

  • Endothelin induced a dose-dependent contraction of smooth muscle cells.
  • Sustained contraction was calcium-dependent, while the initial transient contraction was not.
  • Inhibition of Gi3 alpha abolished the transient contraction.
  • Inhibition of Gi1-2 alpha abolished the sustained contraction.

Conclusions:

  • Endothelin directly causes sustained contraction of rectosigmoid smooth muscle.
  • Endothelin's transmembrane signaling utilizes two distinct Gi alpha proteins.
  • One Gi alpha mediates the initial transient contraction, and another mediates the sustained phase.