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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)02:30

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No description available
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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

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MicroRNAs: Loquacious speaks out.

Philipp J F Leuschner1, Gregor Obernosterer, Javier Martinez

  • 1Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, IMBA, Vienna, Austria.

Current Biology : CB
|August 9, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dicer-1, crucial for microRNA gene silencing, requires the double-stranded RNA binding protein Loquacious. This finding parallels Dicer-2

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • RNA Interference

Background:

  • Dicer-2, a key enzyme in RNA interference, depends on the double-stranded RNA binding protein R2D2 for short interfering RNA (siRNA) loading into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC).
  • MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene silencing is a critical regulatory pathway in eukaryotes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protein requirements for Dicer-1 function in microRNA-mediated gene silencing.
  • To identify potential protein partners of Dicer-1 analogous to the Dicer-2/R2D2 interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Functional assays in Drosophila to assess microRNA processing and gene silencing.
  • Genetic interaction studies to determine the role of Loquacious in Dicer-1 activity.

Main Results:

  • Dicer-1 requires the double-stranded RNA binding protein Loquacious for efficient microRNA-mediated gene silencing.
  • Loquacious acts as an essential cofactor for Dicer-1, facilitating its role in the miRNA pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Loquacious is indispensable for Dicer-1 function in microRNA biogenesis and function.
  • The findings reveal a conserved mechanism for Dicer-1 and Dicer-2 in utilizing double-stranded RNA binding proteins for RNA silencing pathways.