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Blastomycosis.

Peter G Pappas¹

¹Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. pappas@uab.edu

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

|August 10, 2005

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Blastomycosis is a fungal infection caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis, primarily affecting the lungs but potentially spreading to other organs. Treatment depends on severity, with itraconazole for mild cases and amphotericin B for severe infections.

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Area of Science:

Mycology
Infectious Diseases
Pulmonology

Background:

Blastomycosis is an endemic fungal infection caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis.
Acquisition typically occurs via inhalation of aerosolized conidia.
It predominantly affects the mid-western United States and parts of Canada.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of blastomycosis.
To highlight the importance of systemic antifungal therapy for chronic blastomycosis.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes for blastomycosis.
Discussion of diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies based on disease severity.

Main Results:

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Chronic pneumonia is the most common presentation, but extrapulmonary involvement (skin, bones, CNS, prostate) is frequent.
Mild to moderate cases are treated with oral itraconazole.
Severe cases, including ARDS, CNS involvement, or immunocompromised hosts, require amphotericin B.

Conclusions:

Blastomycosis requires prompt diagnosis and appropriate systemic antifungal treatment.
Treatment choice depends on disease severity and host factors.
Preventive measures are lacking, but research into vaccines is ongoing.