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Parapneumonic effusions and empyema.

J E Heffner1, J Klein

  • 1Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA. heffnerj@musc.edu

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|August 10, 2005
PubMed
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Parapneumonic effusions complicate community-acquired pneumonia in many patients. Early staging and drainage of complicated pleural effusions are crucial to prevent progression to empyema.

Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Parapneumonic effusions affect up to 60% of community-acquired pneumonia hospitalizations.
  • Most effusions resolve with antibiotics alone, but some progress to empyema without drainage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the management of parapneumonic effusions.
  • To highlight the importance of effusion staging in guiding treatment decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on parapneumonic effusions and empyema.
  • Discussion of factors influencing treatment choices, including host factors, pathogen, and pleural inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Effusion staging aids in selecting the most effective drainage procedure.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Intrapleural fibrinolysis may aid in resolving pleural infection, but requires further investigation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Timely diagnosis and appropriate management, including drainage and potentially adjunctive therapies, are vital for complicated parapneumonic effusions.
    • Further research is needed to define the role of therapies like intrapleural fibrinolysis.