Shoulder injuries
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Updated: Sep 25, 2026

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
Published on: March 12, 2021
1Sports Medicine Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
Abstract:
Shoulder injuries result from acute or repetitive over-use mechanisms. An outline for a careful history and physical examination is presented along with recommendations for radiographic imaging of shoulder injuries dependent on the suspected diagnosis and injury mechanism. Descriptions of the more common shoulder problems are presented with recommendations for non-surgical treatment. Indications for surgical treatment that will allow the primary practitioner to best manage these injuries are presented.
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Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
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