Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:13

Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between the magnets with a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate, thus converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Consider a rectangular current-carrying loop containing N turns of wire, placed in a uniform magnetic field. The net force on a current-carrying loop...
Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Calculation of First Law Quantities I01:25

Calculation of First Law Quantities I

Thermodynamic systems undergoing phase transitions or temperature changes experience energy transfer in the form of heat (q) and work (w). For a reversible phase change at constant temperature (T) and pressure (p), the process involves no chemical reaction but results in energy exchange between distinct phases.The heat transferred during this process corresponds to the latent heat of transition, which is the amount of heat energy absorbed or released by a substance when it changes from one...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effective Theory of Classical and Quantum Particle Dynamics in Rapidly Oscillating Fields.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

What Becomes of Giant Vortices in the Abelian Higgs Model.

Physical review letters·2021
Same author

Nonfactorizable QCD Effects in Higgs Boson Production via Vector Boson Fusion.

Physical review letters·2019
Same author

High-Energy Limit of QCD beyond the Sudakov Approximation.

Physical review letters·2018
Same author

Measuring vacuum polarization with Josephson junctions.

Physical review letters·2010
Same author

Two-loop Sudakov form factor in a theory with a mass gap.

Physical review letters·2004

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 16, 2013

Two-loop corrections to Bhabha scattering.

Alexander A Penin1

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Teilchenphysik, Universität Karlsruhe, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany and Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia.

Physical Review Letters
|August 11, 2005
PubMed
Summary

We calculated two-loop radiative photonic corrections for Bhabha scattering. The results provide an infrared-finite differential cross section for precise luminosity determination at electron-positron colliders.

Area of Science:

  • High-energy physics
  • Quantum electrodynamics

Background:

  • Bhabha scattering is a fundamental process in electron-positron collisions.
  • Precise luminosity measurements are crucial for particle physics experiments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compute two-loop radiative photonic corrections to Bhabha scattering.
  • To obtain an infrared-finite differential cross section for luminosity determination.

Main Methods:

  • Leading-order small electron mass expansion.
  • Inclusion of soft photon bremsstrahlung.

Main Results:

  • Calculation of two-loop radiative photonic corrections up to the nonlogarithmic term.
  • Obtained an infrared-finite differential cross section.

More Related Videos

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
09:26

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Published on: April 22, 2016

Optimized Setup and Protocol for Magnetic Domain Imaging with In Situ Hysteresis Measurement
09:43

Optimized Setup and Protocol for Magnetic Domain Imaging with In Situ Hysteresis Measurement

Published on: November 7, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 16, 2013

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
09:26

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Published on: April 22, 2016

Optimized Setup and Protocol for Magnetic Domain Imaging with In Situ Hysteresis Measurement
09:43

Optimized Setup and Protocol for Magnetic Domain Imaging with In Situ Hysteresis Measurement

Published on: November 7, 2017

Conclusions:

  • The computed cross section is directly applicable to luminosity determination.
  • This work enhances precision measurements at current and future e+e- colliders.