Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2026
Enhancing Upper Limb Function and Motor Skills Post-Stroke Through an Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robot
Published on: September 6, 2024
Constraint-induced therapy for moderate chronic upper extremity impairment after stroke
N M Bonifer1, K M Anderson, D B Arciniegas
1Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Aurora, Colorado 80011, USA. nbonifer@aol.com
Primary Objective:
To explore the effectiveness of constraint-induced therapy (CIT) in the treatment of individuals with moderate chronic upper extremity paresis.
Research Design:
Multiple case reports, pre-post-treatment comparisons as well as long-term follow-ups at 1 and 6 months after intervention.
Methods And Procedures:
Seven subjects, each greater than 12 months post-stroke, participated in an intensive 3 weeks CIT programme. The Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Motor Activity Log (MAL) and Fugl-Meyer Evaluation (FM) were used to measure outcomes.
Main Outcomes And Results:
Subjects exhibited notable improvements in mean WMFT scores (0.25 point increase post-treatment, 0.38 point increase at 1-month follow-up, 0.44 point increase at 6-month follow-up). Similarly, improvements were seen for mean MAL (1.71 points for AS, 1.77 points for HW) and FM scores (6 points FM-UE, 6 points FM-TOT) post-treatment. Additional improvements were seen at some follow-up assessments.
Conclusions:
Subjects demonstrated gains in objective measures, however, did not regain normal functional ability of their paretic upper extremities. Further investigation of the effects of CIT in this population, as well the functional significance of the objective measures used is warranted.
