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Posttransfusion hepatitis in Japan.

S Takano1, M Omata, M Ohto

  • 1First Department of Medicine, Chiba University School of Medicine, Japan.

Vox Sanguinis
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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See all related articles

Posttransfusion hepatitis affected 22.7% of blood recipients, with 35.3% progressing to chronic hepatitis. Higher blood volumes and elevated ALT donor blood increased risk, while fresh frozen plasma was low-risk.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Posttransfusion hepatitis poses a significant risk to blood recipients.
  • Understanding the incidence and chronicity rates is crucial for transfusion safety.
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of posttransfusion hepatitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and chronicity of posttransfusion hepatitis.
  • To identify risk factors associated with posttransfusion hepatitis.
  • To assess the role of non-A, non-B hepatitis agents and HCV in transfusion-related hepatitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 2,596 blood recipients from January 1982 to December 1987.
  • Close follow-up of 217 patients to determine chronicity rates.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of donor blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and blood component transfusion risks.
  • Application of the Frost-Reed model to estimate carrier rates of non-A, non-B hepatitis agents.
  • Detection of anti-HCV antibodies in posttransfusion hepatitis cases.

    • Main Results:

    • Posttransfusion hepatitis developed in 22.7% (451/2596) of recipients.
    • Chronicity was observed in 35.3% (77/217) of followed patients.
    • Hepatitis incidence increased with transfused blood volume.
    • Elevated ALT donor blood ( > 26 Karmen units) increased susceptibility.
    • Packed red blood cells, whole blood, and fresh whole blood were high-risk components; fresh frozen plasma was low-risk.
    • The carrier rate of non-A, non-B hepatitis agents in Japanese donors was 1.2%.
    • Anti-HCV was detected in 62% of posttransfusion hepatitis cases one year post-transfusion.

    Conclusions:

    • Transfusion-related hepatitis remains a concern, with significant incidence and chronicity.
    • Blood volume and donor ALT levels are critical risk factors.
    • Specific blood components carry differential risks.
    • Non-A, non-B hepatitis agents, particularly HCV, are prevalent in the donor population and contribute significantly to posttransfusion hepatitis.