Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Transposons01:24

Transposons

2.0K
Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
2.0K
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

17.5K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
17.5K
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

19.4K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
19.4K
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

19.8K
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
19.8K
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

7.7K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.7K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

13.5K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
13.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Methylation-directed glycosylation of chromatin factors represses retrotransposon promoters.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2020
Same author

BAH domains and a histone-like motif in DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) regulate <i>de novo</i> and maintenance methylation <i>in vivo</i>.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2018
Same author

Photochemical conversion of a cytidine derivative to a thymidine analog via [2+2]-cycloaddition.

Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·2018
Same author

Independent functions of DNMT1 and USP7 at replication foci.

Epigenetics & chromatin·2018
Same author

DNA methylation and DNA methyltransferases.

Epigenetics & chromatin·2017
Same author

Abnormal X chromosome inactivation and sex-specific gene dysregulation after ablation of FBXL10.

Epigenetics & chromatin·2016
Same journal

A viral ORFeome library for systems-level genetic dissection of host-pathogen interactions.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Co-option of lysosomal machinery shapes the evolution of the intracellular photosymbiosis supporting coral reefs.

Cell·2026
Same journal

LEF1 and niche factors determine T cell stemness across chronic diseases.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Recurrent patterns of TOP1-mediated neuronal genomic damage shared by major neurodegenerative disorders.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Four-dimensional molecular mapping from a spatial snapshot reveals the dynamics of hair follicle organogenesis.

Cell·2026
Same journal

Whole-cell particle-based digital twin simulations from 4D lattice light-sheet microscopy data.

Cell·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
19:53

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

106.5K

Transposons reanimated in mice.

Timothy H Bestor1

  • 1Department of Genetics and Development, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.

Cell
|August 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Modified transposons, including piggyBac and Sleeping Beauty, now enable insertional mutagenesis in mammalian cells. This breakthrough advances genetic analysis in mammals, with potential for retrotransposon derivatives in germline studies.

More Related Videos

Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma
10:58

Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma

Published on: February 22, 2015

13.5K
piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells
10:02

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

Published on: November 5, 2012

17.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
19:53

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

106.5K
Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma
10:58

Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma

Published on: February 22, 2015

13.5K
piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells
10:02

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

Published on: November 5, 2012

17.9K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Transposons are mobile genetic elements valuable for genetic modification in various organisms.
  • Historically, their application in mammals has been limited.
  • Previous research focused on non-mammalian systems, leaving a gap in mammalian genetic engineering.

Discussion:

  • Recent studies demonstrate successful insertional mutagenesis in mammalian cells using modified piggyBac and Sleeping Beauty DNA transposons.
  • These findings overcome previous limitations in applying transposon technology to mammals.
  • The development opens new avenues for genetic manipulation and study in mammalian systems.

Key Insights:

  • Modified piggyBac and Sleeping Beauty DNA transposons facilitate insertional mutagenesis in mammalian cells.
  • This represents a significant advancement for genetic engineering in mammals.
  • The study highlights the potential of transposon-based tools for genetic research.

Outlook:

  • Derivatives of the L1 retrotransposon may offer enhanced capabilities for germline cell mutagenesis due to their proliferation rate.
  • The future of transposon-driven genetic analyses in mice and other mammals appears promising.
  • These advancements are expected to accelerate genetic research and functional genomics in mammalian models.