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Related Experiment Videos

Gender differences in Class III malocclusion.

Tiziano Baccetti1, Brian C Reyes, James A McNamara

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. tbacc@tiscali.it

The Angle Orthodontist
|August 16, 2005
PubMed
Summary

This study found significant gender differences in Class III malocclusion craniofacial development, particularly after age 13. Males exhibit larger maxilla, mandible, and facial heights compared to females during puberty and beyond.

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Authors' response.

American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics·2024

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Craniofacial Biology
  • Human Anatomy

Background:

  • Class III malocclusion is a common skeletal discrepancy.
  • Understanding craniofacial sexual dimorphism is crucial for diagnosis and treatment planning.
  • Limited data exists on age-related gender differences in untreated Class III malocclusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate gender differences in cephalometric measurements of Caucasian subjects with Class III malocclusion.
  • To establish average age- and sex-related craniofacial data for untreated Class III individuals.
  • To provide reference data for diagnosing Class III malocclusion.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1094 pretreatment lateral cephalometric records from Caucasian Class III subjects (557 female, 537 male).

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  • Subjects categorized into 12 age groups, with skeletal maturity assessed using cervical vertebral maturation.
  • Parametric statistics used to analyze gender differences in cephalometric variables.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant sexual dimorphism in craniofacial parameters observed in Class III malocclusion, especially from age 13 onwards.
    • Male subjects showed significantly larger linear dimensions of the maxilla, mandible, and anterior facial heights compared to females.
    • Differences were most pronounced during the circumpubertal and postpubertal periods.

    Conclusions:

    • Class III malocclusion exhibits notable sexual dimorphism in craniofacial morphology.
    • Developmental age significantly influences gender-specific craniofacial characteristics in Class III malocclusion.
    • These findings provide valuable reference data for the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment of Class III malocclusion.