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Perilymphatic fistula induced by barotrauma
1University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33133.
The American Journal of Otology
|May 1, 1992
Summary
Diving can cause inner ear fistulas, leading to hearing loss. Prompt diagnosis and surgical closure of these fistulas are crucial for best outcomes in divers.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Diving Medicine
- Neurosurgery
Background:
- The link between diving, barotrauma, and perilymphatic fistula (PLF) is established.
- PLF involves abnormal openings between the middle and inner ear, often affecting the round or oval windows.
Observation:
- A review of 48 cases of round and oval window fistulas following diving.
- Patients presented with sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo, nausea, or vomiting post-dive.
Findings:
- Diving-related barotrauma is a significant cause of PLF.
- Early surgical exploration and repair of suspected fistulas are recommended.
Implications:
- Timely intervention in divers with hearing loss post-dive can improve outcomes.
- Recompression therapy followed by surgical exploration is advised for persistent symptoms.