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Jaundice in malaria.

Anil C Anand1, Pankaj Puri

  • 1Department of Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India. anilcanand@sify.com

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|August 18, 2005
PubMed
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Jaundice frequently accompanies malaria, particularly Plasmodium falciparum infections. This condition, termed malarial hepatitis, can present as a severe syndrome with jaundice, coma, and renal failure.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Jaundice is a known complication of malaria.
  • Malarial hepatitis (MH) describes hepatocellular jaundice in Plasmodium falciparum infections.
  • While parasite-induced hepatocyte rupture occurs, hepatic function alterations are rarely documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of malarial hepatitis.
  • To differentiate malarial hepatitis from other causes of jaundice in malaria patients.
  • To identify clinical subsets of malarial hepatitis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on malarial hepatitis.
  • Analysis of authors' own data on patients with falciparum malaria and jaundice.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Clinical differentiation of malarial hepatitis from viral hepatitis and hepatic failure.

    • Main Results:

    • Jaundice occurs in approximately 2.5% of falciparum malaria cases in endemic areas.
    • Malarial hepatitis is a heterogeneous syndrome with two clinical subsets.
    • One subset presents severely with coma, renal failure, and hemorrhagic manifestations, indicating severe disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Malarial hepatitis is a significant clinical entity in falciparum malaria.
    • Clinical differentiation from viral hepatitis is possible.
    • Jaundice in this severe subset signifies a critical illness requiring prompt recognition.