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Adolescent suicide attempters: do physicians recognize them?

G B Slap1, D F Vorters, N Khalid

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104.

The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
|June 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Previous suicide attempts are common in adolescents seeking medical care. Physicians often miss identifying these at-risk youth, who continue to experience significant distress and require intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Medicine
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Previous suicide attempts are the strongest predictor of future attempts in adolescents.
  • Physician identification of adolescent suicide attempters in clinical settings is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of prior suicide attempts in an adolescent clinic population.
  • To assess physician recognition of adolescent suicide attempters.
  • To evaluate persistent distress among adolescent suicide attempters.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 332 patients aged 12-19 years in a medical clinic.
  • Chart review to assess physician documentation of suicidal behavior inquiry.
  • Validated subscales used to measure psychological distress and functioning.

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Main Results:

  • 14.5% of adolescents reported a previous suicide attempt.
  • Physicians documented inquiry about suicidal behavior in only 16.7% of attempters.
  • Attempters were more likely to be female, attend without a guardian, present with specific chief complaints, and have prior mental health care.
  • Attempters reported significantly poorer outcomes on multiple validated scales measuring distress and functioning.

Conclusions:

  • Suicide attempts are frequent in adolescent medical clinic populations.
  • Physicians may under-recognize adolescent suicide attempters.
  • Adolescent suicide attempters exhibit ongoing distress and require targeted care, irrespective of the presenting medical complaint.