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What does it take to bind CAR?

Lane K Law1, Beverly L Davidson

  • 1Program in Gene Therapy, Genetics Ph.D. Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA.

Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy
|August 20, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Recombinant adenoviruses (Ads) are vital for research and therapy. This review details key residues in Ad2 and Ad5 fibers essential for binding the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), influencing tissue tropism.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Recombinant adenoviruses (Ads) are widely employed as biological reagents and in therapeutic strategies for human diseases.
  • Adenovirus serotypes Ad2 and Ad5 are common, utilizing the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) for broad tissue tropism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical residues in adenovirus fiber proteins responsible for CAR binding.
  • To correlate Ad-CAR binding interactions with the known cellular tropism of various adenovirus serotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing mutational data on adenovirus fiber proteins.
  • Review of crystal structure data elucidating Ad-CAR interactions.
  • Integration of findings with established adenovirus serotype cellular tropism.

Main Results:

  • Specific residues within the fiber knob and shaft domains are definitively identified as crucial for Ad-CAR binding.
  • Understanding these residues provides insights into the molecular basis of adenovirus tissue tropism.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between adenovirus fiber proteins and CAR is mediated by specific residues in the fiber knob and shaft.
  • This knowledge is fundamental for engineering adenovirus tropism for therapeutic and research applications.

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