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Transgenic farm animals: present and future
H Niemann1, W Kues, J W Carnwath
1Department of Biotechnology, Institute for Animal Breeding (FAL), Mariensee, 31535 Neustadt, Germany.
Summary
New methods like somatic nuclear transfer are replacing older techniques for creating transgenic animals. These advancements in animal breeding offer improved agricultural traits and applications in medicine.
Area of Science:
- Animal biotechnology
- Agricultural science
- Genetics
Background:
- Pronuclear microinjection was the traditional method for creating transgenic animals.
- Emerging technologies offer more efficient and targeted genetic modification approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advancements in transgenesis for farm animals.
- To highlight applications in agriculture and human medicine.
- To discuss future directions in gene editing for animal breeding.
Main Methods:
- Somatic nuclear transfer for efficient transgenesis.
- Lentiviral vectors and small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) technology.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and array technology for monitoring.
Main Results:
- Somatic nuclear transfer allows targeted genetic modifications.
- Transgenic animals serve as sources for pharmaceuticals and xenotransplantation.
- Agricultural benefits include enhanced production traits and disease resistance.
Conclusions:
- Advanced transgenesis techniques are crucial for future agricultural production.
- Gene editing in farm animals holds significant potential for addressing global challenges.
- Continued refinement of genomic information will drive innovation in animal breeding.