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Disaster care: psychological considerations.

Ann M Mitchell¹, Teresa J Sakraida, Kirstyn K Zalice

¹University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. ammi@pitt.edu

The Nursing Clinics of North America

|August 23, 2005

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Disasters cause significant emotional and physical stress responses. Healthcare providers must recognize these reactions and know when to offer professional help for conditions like acute stress disorder.

Area of Science:

Psychology
Trauma Studies
Disaster Medicine

Background:

Disasters disrupt community functioning and overwhelm resources.
Witnessing or experiencing traumatic events leads to emotional and physical stress responses.
These responses can cause psychological, social, and physiological dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of the human stress response following disasters.
To describe common sources of stress after traumatic events.
To outline interventions and resources for disaster victims.

Main Methods:

Literature review on human stress response.
Analysis of psychological and physiological effects of disasters.
Identification of diagnostic criteria for acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.

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Compilation of available interventions and support resources.

Main Results:

Disasters trigger a spectrum of stress reactions.
Acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder are common outcomes.
Timely professional help is crucial for managing post-disaster psychological distress.
Various interventions and resources exist to support victims.

Conclusions:

Understanding the human stress response is vital for healthcare providers post-disaster.
Early identification and intervention for stress-related disorders improve outcomes.
Comprehensive support systems are essential for disaster victim recovery.