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Comparison of Scale in a Photosynthetic Reactor System for Algal Remediation of Wastewater

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A graphical technique for wastewater minimisation in batch processes.

Thokozani Majozi¹, C J Brouckaert, C A Buckley

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0002, South Africa. thoko.majozi@up.ac.za

Journal of Environmental Management

|August 23, 2005

Summary

This study introduces a graphical method for reducing freshwater and wastewater in batch operations by reusing water within processes. The technique considers time and concentration constraints, essential for batch process targeting.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Engineering
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Batch operations present unique challenges for water and wastewater minimization due to limited reuse opportunities.
Traditional methods often overlook the specific constraints of batch processes, impacting water management efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel graphical technique for freshwater and wastewater minimization in completely batch operations.
To explore the exploitation of inter- and intra-process water reuse and recycle opportunities within batch systems.

Main Methods:

Development of a graphical technique considering the two-dimensional constraints (time and concentration) of batch processes.
Application of first and cyclic-state targeting, crucial for batch operations.
Demonstration of water minimization using inherent storage in batch processes via a case study.

Main Results:

The graphical technique effectively identifies water reuse and recycle opportunities in batch operations.
Reversing the priority of time and concentration constraints impacts the final design.
The study highlights the necessity of first and cyclic-state targeting for batch processes.

Conclusions:

The presented graphical method offers a viable approach for water and wastewater minimization in batch operations.
Understanding and utilizing batch process storage is key to achieving water savings.
The methodology is currently limited to single contaminant systems.