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Traumatic vertical atlantoaxial dislocation.

M Payer1, S Wetzel, A Kelekis

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland. mpayer@hotmail.com

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
|August 24, 2005
PubMed
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This study details a rare case of fatal vertical atlantoaxial dislocation, measuring 16mm. The researchers suggest ligament and membrane rupture caused C1/C2 facet capsule insufficiency, leading to the dislocation.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Traumatology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Atlantoaxial dislocation is a severe spinal injury.
  • Vertical dislocation specifically involves superior displacement of the atlas (C1) on the axis (C2).
  • This type of injury is exceptionally rare, particularly with a traumatic etiology.

Observation:

  • A case of traumatic vertical atlantoaxial dislocation measuring 16 millimeters is presented.
  • The patient experienced a fatal outcome.
  • This represents an extreme degree of displacement in this rare injury pattern.

Findings:

  • The primary finding is the association of this severe dislocation with a fatal outcome.
  • A hypothesis is proposed regarding the biomechanical failure.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Rupture of the tectorial membrane and alar ligaments is implicated.

    • Implications:

    • The findings suggest that insufficiency of the C1/C2 facet capsules, secondary to ligamentous and membranous rupture, is a critical factor.
    • This case highlights the potential for catastrophic outcomes in severe upper cervical spine trauma.
    • Understanding the mechanism may inform future diagnostic and treatment strategies for similar, albeit less severe, injuries.