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Case-control study of risk factors for breast cancer in Nigerian women: a pilot study
M N Okobia1, C H Bunker, L L Lee
1Department of Surgery, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, P.M.B. 1111 Benin City, Nigeria.
Objective:
To evaluate the risk factors for breast cancer among women in Midwestern and Southeastern Nigeria.
Design:
A case control study.
Setting:
University of Benin Teaching hospital, Benin City and University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt in Nigeria.
Subjects:
Fifty one women with diagnosis of breast cancer and their age- and sex matched controls were included in the study.
Interventions:
Data was collected during a 30 minute period after obtaining written informed consent using interviewer-administered questionnaires.
Results:
Parity > 4 (OR = 0.50, 95% Cl 0.17, 1.46) and duration of breast feeding > 60 months (OR = 0.58, 95% Cl 0.23, 1.48) were associated with reduced risk of breast cancer while birth order > 3 (OR = I.50, 95% Cl 0.25, 8.98), age at first full term pregnancy>20 years (OR = 2.50, 95% Cl 0.78, 7.97) and longer duration of reproductive period (OR = 1.25, 95% Cl 0.34, 4.66) were associated with increased risk of breast cancer.
Conclusion:
The study has shown that high parity and long duration of breastfeeding are associated with reduced risk while high birth order and late age at first full-term pregnancy are associated with increased risk of breast cancer.
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