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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus.
Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Flexible Colonoscopy in Mice to Evaluate the Severity of Colitis and Colorectal Tumors Using a Validated Endoscopic Scoring System
15:49

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Published on: October 17, 2013

Silent rectal perforation after endoscopic polypectomy: CT features.

B D Nguyen1, I Beckman

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212.

Gastrointestinal Radiology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of silent rectal perforation after colonoscopy is described. Computed tomography (CT) revealed gas spreading through the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, and peritoneum.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Radiology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Colonoscopic polypectomy is a common procedure for colorectal cancer prevention.
  • Perforation is a rare but serious complication of colonoscopy.
  • Silent perforations can delay diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

  • A case of a patient experiencing a silent extraperitoneal rectal perforation following colonoscopic polypectomy.
  • Computed tomography (CT) imaging was utilized to visualize the extent of the injury.
  • Gas was observed to have diffused from the rectal site into multiple anatomical compartments.

Findings:

  • The CT scan clearly delineated the pathways of gas dissemination.
  • Gas extended from the perirectal area into the retroperitoneum.
  • Further spread of gas was noted into the mediastinum and peritoneal cavity.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of recognizing subtle signs of gastrointestinal perforation.
  • Advanced imaging like CT is crucial for diagnosing and understanding the extent of extraperitoneal spread.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are essential to prevent severe morbidity and mortality associated with widespread gas embolism.