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Related Experiment Videos

Extended-interval gentamicin administration in malnourished children.

A M Khan1, T Ahmed, N H Alam

  • 1Clinical Sciences Division, ICDDR,B (International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh), Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. miraj@icddrb.org

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|August 30, 2005
PubMed
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Once-daily gentamicin is effective and safe for malnourished children with diarrhea and pneumonia. This dosing regimen reduces injections and healthcare costs, making it suitable for widespread implementation.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Malnourished children exhibit altered drug pharmacokinetics, impacting treatment efficacy.
  • Limited data exists on gentamicin dosing strategies in this vulnerable population.
  • Conventional thrice-daily (TD) gentamicin dosing may not be optimal for malnourished children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of once-daily (OD) versus TD gentamicin in malnourished children.
  • To evaluate gentamicin's effectiveness in treating diarrhea and pneumonia in this population.
  • To establish optimal gentamicin dosing for improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare burden.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 310 malnourished children aged 6 months to 5 years.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Children received intramuscular gentamicin OD or TD, combined with ceftriaxone.
  • Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on a subgroup to assess serum gentamicin concentrations.

    • Main Results:

    • Clinical response rates were similar between OD and TD groups (64% vs. 54% good response; 25% vs. 27% partial response).
    • No significant renal toxicity was observed in either group.
    • The OD group demonstrated significantly higher peak (p<0.001) and lower trough (p<0.001) gentamicin concentrations compared to the TD group.

    Conclusions:

    • Once-daily gentamicin is an effective and safe therapeutic option for malnourished children.
    • The OD regimen achieves favorable pharmacokinetic profiles in this population.
    • Widespread adoption of OD gentamicin is recommended to reduce injections and hospital costs.