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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Important Endpoints and Proliferative Markers to Assess Small Intestinal Injury and Adaptation using a Mouse Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis
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Radiation induced small bowel "web" formation is associated with acquired microvascular dysfunction.

O A Hatoum1, D G Binion, S A Phillips

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. ohatoum@mail.mcw.edu

Gut
|August 30, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Radiation therapy can cause severe bowel issues like webs, leading to obstruction. This study found radiation-induced microvascular dysfunction in the small bowel contributes to these dangerous webs.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Radiation therapy for abdominal and pelvic cancers can cause severe late intestinal toxicity.
  • This toxicity includes ischemia and stricture formation, presenting as
  • webs
  • potentially causing recurrent bowel obstruction.

Observation:

  • A patient with anal cancer treated with radiation developed recurrent small bowel obstruction.
  • Wireless capsule endoscopy revealed "webs" in the distal ileum, not visible on barium radiographs.
  • Arterioles from the "web" and adjacent normal bowel were analyzed.

Findings:

  • Microvessels from the radiation-induced "web" showed significantly reduced dilation to acetylcholine compared to normal bowel.
  • Increased reactive oxygen species production was observed in microvessels from the "web".
  • Histology revealed intimal and muscularis propria fibrosis narrowing the arterial lumen in the strictured bowel, with preserved endothelium.

Implications:

  • External radiation therapy is linked to acquired microvascular endothelial dysfunction in the small bowel.
  • This dysfunction plays a role in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced "web" formation.
  • Understanding these mechanisms may lead to strategies for preventing or treating radiation-induced bowel injury.