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Metastatic granulosa cell tumor in a mare
L J Gift1, E M Gaughan, P Schoning
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506.
Summary
A granulosa cell tumor in a Quarter Horse mare caused severe colic and lameness due to widespread metastasis. This rare equine tumor affected multiple organs, leading to the mare's euthanasia.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary oncology
- Equine medicine
- Reproductive pathology
Background:
- Granulosa cell tumors are the most common ovarian neoplasms in mares.
- They can present with vague clinical signs, including lameness and colic.
- Metastasis, though uncommon, can occur and significantly alter the prognosis.
Observation:
- A 5-year-old Quarter Horse mare presented with acute hind limb lameness and subsequent colic.
- Physical examination and exploratory laparotomy revealed ovarian enlargement and extensive abdominal masses.
- The masses infiltrated the mesentery, omentum, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes.
Findings:
- Histologic examination confirmed a granulosa cell tumor of the left ovary.
- Metastatic involvement was identified in sublumbar and thoracic lymph nodes, omentum, mesentery, liver, spleen, and lungs.
- The widespread dissemination of the tumor was the likely cause of the clinical signs.
Implications:
- This case highlights the potential for granulosa cell tumors to metastasize widely in horses.
- It underscores the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluation for horses presenting with non-specific signs like lameness and colic.
- Early detection and understanding of metastatic potential are crucial for managing equine reproductive cancers.