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Allergic reaction to topical eyedrops
1Department of Ophthalmology, Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, Paris, France. baudouin@quinze-vingts.fr
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|September 1, 2005
Summary
Eyedrops can cause allergic and toxic reactions, particularly antiglaucoma medications. Preservatives in eyedrops are a significant source of ocular surface toxicity and inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Toxicology
- Immunology
Background:
- Drug-induced ocular surface toxicity is a growing concern.
- Allergic reactions are one of several mechanisms involved in eyedrop-induced adverse effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent literature on allergic, inflammatory, and toxic effects of eyedrops since 2004.
- To specifically analyze studies on the role of preservatives in eyedrop toxicity.
Main Methods:
- Classification of studies into clinical reports, experimental works, and biological studies.
- Separate analysis of studies comparing preservative-free and preserved eyedrops.
Main Results:
- Repeated reports of allergic or toxic reactions associated with eyedrop use.
- Antiglaucoma drugs are frequently implicated in significant conjunctival inflammatory reactions.
- Preservatives are identified as a primary contributor to ocular surface toxicity.
Conclusions:
- Ocular surface toxicity from eyedrops is a recurring issue.
- Preservative-containing eyedrops pose a significant risk for ocular inflammation and toxicity.
- Further research into preservative-free alternatives is warranted.