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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Three-Dimensional Modeling of the Left Atrium and Pulmonary Veins with a Precise Intracardiac Echocardiography Approach
Published on: June 30, 2023
Principles of intracardiac echocardiography
Navin C Nanda1, Andrew P Miller
1Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35249, USA. nanda@uab.edu
Abstract:
The development of newer electrophysiological mapping and ablation procedures for the treatment of complex arrhythmias has led to the advent of a new application of echocardiography. The introduction of intracardiac echocardiography to the electrophysiology laboratory has created a marriage between imaging and intervention that is generating new insights for the echocardiographer and added safety for the electrophysiologist. This review will discuss the history, principles, approaches, and potential future applications of intracardiac echocardiography.
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