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Phyletic hot spots for B chromosomes in angiosperms.

Donald A Levin1, Brian G Palestis, R Neil Jones

  • 1Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78713, USA. dlevin@uts.cc.utexas.edu

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|September 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Supernumerary B chromosomes are unevenly distributed across flowering plant groups, with specific lineages showing high frequencies. This nonrandom pattern, or B-chromosome hot spots, varies significantly across different plant family ranks.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Cytogenetics

Background:

  • Supernumerary B chromosomes are extra chromosomes found in some plant species.
  • Their distribution patterns across major angiosperm lineages are not well understood.
  • Identifying B-chromosome hot spots can provide insights into their evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nonrandom distribution of B chromosomes in angiosperms.
  • To identify lineages with high B-chromosome frequencies (hot spots).
  • To analyze B-chromosome incidence across different taxonomic ranks and correlate it with genome size.

Main Methods:

  • Compiled data on the presence/absence of B chromosomes from databases for species with known chromosome numbers.
  • Analyzed B-chromosome incidence across major angiosperm lineages, orders, families, and major taxa within families.

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  • Assessed heterogeneity in B-chromosome frequency at various taxonomic levels.

    • Main Results:

    • B chromosomes were found to be nonrandomly distributed across angiosperm lineages.
    • Monocots (8%) showed higher B-chromosome incidence than eudicots (3%); they were rare in basal angiosperms.
    • Significant heterogeneity was observed at all ranks above species level, with hot spots identified in orders like Liliales and Commelinales. A positive correlation between B-chromosome frequency and genome size was noted at the family level.

    Conclusions:

    • B chromosome distribution is nonrandom and varies significantly across angiosperm phylogeny.
    • The study identified specific plant orders and families as B-chromosome hot spots.
    • B-chromosome frequency may be linked to genome size in certain plant families.