Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Oxygen sensing in the body.

S Lahiri1, A Roy, S M Baby

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, 19104-6085, USA. lahiri@mail.med.upenn.edu

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology
|September 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Relation of family history of suicide to suicide attempts in alcoholics.

The American journal of psychiatry·2000
Same author

[Autoimmune hepatitis in children. Initial presentation as fulminant hepatic failure].

Acta gastroenterologica Latinoamericana·2000
Same author

Malnutrition and hypernatraemia in breastfed babies.

Annals of tropical paediatrics·2000
Same author

Somatosensory evoked potentials associated with thermal activation of type II Adelta mechanoheat nociceptive afferents.

The International journal of neuroscience·2000
Same author

Coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass in pheochromocytoma.

The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery·2000
Same author

Rate limitations of unitary event analysis.

Neural computation·2000

The carotid body is the primary oxygen sensor, responding instantly to hypoxia by increasing cytosolic calcium. Chronic hypoxia triggers adaptive responses via the master regulator HIF-1alpha, involving new protein synthesis for gene expression.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The carotid body is the principal site for sensing oxygen levels in the blood.
  • Acute hypoxia triggers rapid physiological responses, including increased breathing, mediated by the carotid body.
  • The precise mechanisms of oxygen sensing at the molecular level remain an area of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of oxygen sensing in the carotid body and other cells.
  • To explore the role of calcium signaling and neurotransmitter release in hypoxic responses.
  • To discuss the molecular biology of oxygen-regulated gene expression, particularly the role of HIF-1.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on oxygen sensing, carotid body function, and hypoxia-inducible factors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of hypotheses regarding mitochondrial and membrane-based oxygen sensing mechanisms.
  • Examination of neurotransmitter classification and function in the carotid body.

    • Main Results:

    • The carotid body senses acute hypoxia via mechanisms leading to increased cytosolic calcium, potentially involving mitochondrial or membrane pathways.
    • Chronic hypoxia activates the transcription factor HIF-1 (Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1), a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis, necessitating new protein synthesis for adaptive gene expression.
    • Hypoxia induces the release of conventional and unconventional neurotransmitters from carotid body glomus cells, influencing afferent nerve activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Oxygen sensing involves distinct mechanisms for acute (carotid body) and chronic (HIF-1 mediated) responses.
    • Calcium influx and neurotransmitter release are critical effectors of the carotid body's response to hypoxia.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay of neurotransmitters in the carotid body.