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Pericarditis.

Karen S Rheuban1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, P.O. Box 800386, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. krheuban@virginia.edu

Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
|September 6, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Pericarditis, inflammation of the pericardium, has diverse causes and is diagnosed using clinical findings and imaging. Echocardiography is key for assessing pericardial diseases, with new treatments emerging for pericardial effusion.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Pericarditis, inflammation of the pericardium, presents with varied etiologies including infections, autoimmune disorders, metabolic conditions, malignancy, drug reactions, trauma, cardiac surgery, and vaccination.
  • Diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, electrocardiographic changes, chest radiography, and ultrasound, with pericardiocentesis for confirmation when necessary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes, diagnostic modalities, and contemporary management of pericarditis and pericardial effusion.
  • To highlight the role of echocardiography as a primary noninvasive tool for pericardial disease assessment.
  • To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies for managing pericardial effusion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pericarditis and pericardial effusion.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic criteria and imaging techniques, particularly echocardiography.
  • Discussion of current and innovative treatment approaches for pericardial effusion.

Main Results:

  • Echocardiography is identified as the most accessible and efficient noninvasive method for evaluating inflammatory and infectious pericardial diseases.
  • Contemporary management strategies for pericardial disease are largely established.
  • Innovative treatments for pericardial effusion, such as intrapericardial thrombolytics and balloon pericardiotomy, are emerging as alternatives to surgical pericardial windows.

Conclusions:

  • Pericarditis encompasses a range of causes and diagnostic methods.
  • Echocardiography is the cornerstone for noninvasive assessment of pericardial conditions.
  • Novel interventions offer promising alternatives for managing complex pericardial effusions.

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