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[Changes in plasma lipid and apoprotein levels in patients with ischemic heart disease after hemosorption]
Insights
Non-specific hemosorption (HS) effectively lowers plasma lipids and triglycerides. However, its impact on lipid profiles varies, showing beneficial trends in coronary heart disease patients but negative shifts in renal patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Hyperlipidemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases.
- Non-specific hemosorption (HS) is a therapeutic apheresis technique used to remove harmful substances from the blood.
- Understanding the impact of HS on lipid profiles is crucial for optimizing patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of non-specific hemosorption (HS) on plasma lipid and apoprotein levels in patients with various clinical indications.
- To analyze the differential responses to HS based on baseline lipid spectrum and patient conditions.
Main Methods:
- Patients underwent a course of non-specific hemosorption (HS).
- Plasma lipid levels (triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, LDL) and apoprotein levels (A-I, B) were measured before and after HS.
- Data were analyzed based on baseline lipid profiles and specific patient groups (e.g., coronary heart disease, renal patients).
Main Results:
- HS led to reduced plasma lipid and triglyceride levels across all patient groups.
- Patients with hypercholesterolemia showed decreased cholesterol, HDL, and apoprotein A-I.
- Apoprotein B levels decreased in patients with normal lipids and isolated hypercholesterolemia.
- Coronary heart disease patients with hyperlipidemia exhibited favorable lipid profile changes (decreased atherogenic, increased antiatherogenic lipids).
- Renal patients, those with normal baseline lipids, and those with hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia showed unfavorable changes, including increased cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and apoprotein B.
Conclusions:
- Non-specific hemosorption (HS) demonstrates a variable impact on lipid profiles, necessitating careful patient selection.
- While beneficial for some hyperlipidemic conditions, HS may exacerbate lipid abnormalities in specific patient populations like renal patients.
Abstract:
All the patients who had undergone a course of non-specific hemosorption (HS) for clinical indications showed lower plasma lipid levels and largely lower triglyceride concentrations. The patients with hypercholesterolemia alone simultaneously displayed decreased levels of cholesterol, high density lipoproteins, and apoprotein A-I. Apoprotein B levels reduced in patients having normal lipid values and in those with isolated hypercholesterolemia. The changes in the levels of lipids and apoproteins were different for 2 weeks after hemosorption in relation to the baseline lipid spectrum. The patients with coronary heart disease with hyperlipidemias had positive trends in lipid spectral changes: the parameters of atherogenic classes of lipids tended to decrease, whereas those of antiatherogenic lipid classes tended to show a slight increase. There was a negative direction in the dynamics of the studied parameters in renal patients, in those who had normal baseline lipid values, and in those with isolated hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia, i. e. higher plasma cholesterol and triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and apoprotein B levels.