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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Isolation of Human Endometrial Stromal Cells for In Vitro Decidualization
Published on: September 1, 2018
Decidual differentiation of stromal cells promotes Proprotein Convertase 5/6 expression and lefty processing
Meiyi Tang1, Anatoly Mikhailik, Ilse Pauli
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, USA.
Abstract:
Lefty/Ebaf polypeptides, novel members of the TGF-beta superfamily, are involved in endometrial differentiation and embryo implantation. Recently, we showed that, during undisturbed estrous cycle, lefty is present in mouse uterine horn primarily in a precursor form. Here, we show that decidual differentiation of endometrial stroma leads to increased lefty (approximately 3.1- to 3.6-fold in vivo and 5- to 8-fold in vitro) and processing of its precursor primarily to its long form. This event occurs on d 5 of pregnancy, and is paralleled by proprotein convertase (PC)5/6 up-regulation (approximately 6-fold increase for PC5A and 3-fold increase for PC5B) in decidualized uterine horn, independent of embryo implantation. Among the known convertases, only PC5/6A processes lefty to its long form. Taken together, the findings show that decidualized differentiation of stroma, which is a prerequisite for embryo implantation, leads to processing of lefty by PC5/6A.
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