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Respiratory infections and asthma.

U S Björnsdottir1, W W Busse

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison.

The Medical Clinics of North America
|July 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Respiratory virus infections increase airway responsiveness, leading to prolonged airway hyperresponsiveness even after illness resolution. This review explores the mechanisms behind virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Respiratory virus infections are common and can trigger significant changes in lung function.
  • Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a hallmark of asthma and can be exacerbated by viral infections.
  • Viral infections can lead to persistent AHR, affecting individuals with and without pre-existing lung conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential mechanisms underlying virus-associated airway hyperresponsiveness.
  • To elucidate how viral infections alter lung physiology and immune responses.
  • To understand the prolonged effects of viral infections on airway reactivity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating viral infections and airway responsiveness.
  • Analysis of proposed immunological and physiological mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of information on IgE-dependent reactions, autonomic nervous system function, inflammation, and epithelial damage.

Main Results:

  • Viral infections consistently increase airway responsiveness in diverse populations.
  • Airway hyperresponsiveness can persist for weeks to months post-infection.
  • Multiple mechanisms contribute to virus-induced AHR, including immune responses and cellular damage.

Conclusions:

  • Respiratory viruses induce significant and lasting airway hyperresponsiveness.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing post-viral respiratory symptoms.
  • Further research into virus-host interactions can inform therapeutic strategies for AHR.

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