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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage (40-300 kV) X-Ray Facilities
Published on: February 20, 2021
Measurement of dose-area product with GafChromic XR Type R film
George Thomas1, Yushan Li, Robert Y L Chu
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA. George-Thomas@ouhsc.edu
Abstract:
Many of the newer X-ray machines are equipped with electronic means to provide dose-area product (DAP) information. For machines without that ability, an alternative method is to record radiation on a film that can handle a large amount of cumulative exposure. The use of GafChromic XR Type R film was investigated for this purpose by placing it at the X-ray tube assembly to record the radiation in interventional radiological procedures. Dose-area product was determined with a reflective densitometer and then with a flatbed scanner. Precisions were demonstrated to be 5% and 2%, respectively. In a comparison with the machine-recorded DAP, a regression analysis showed the validity of both techniques for values less than 1200 Gy-cm2.
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