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Reducing pressure ulcer incidence in a long-term setting.

Sylvie Hampton, Fiona Collins

    British Journal of Nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
    |September 7, 2005
    PubMed
    Summary

    Visco-elastic foam mattresses significantly reduced pressure ulcers in nursing home residents. The study showed an 85.7% decrease within 4 weeks, highlighting their effectiveness in pressure ulcer prevention.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Wound Care

    Background:

    • Pressure ulcer prevention relies on risk assessment and equipment selection, but current methods may over-predict risk.
    • Laboratory testing may not accurately reflect individual patient responses to support surfaces.
    • Limited research exists on the efficacy of visco-elastic mattresses for reducing pressure ulcer incidence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effectiveness of a pressure-reducing visco-elastic foam mattress in reducing pressure ulcer prevalence.
    • To assess the impact of visco-elastic mattresses and cushions on pressure ulcer incidence in a nursing home setting.

    Main Methods:

    • A 6-month study involving 21 residents in a 20-bedded nursing home.
    • Provision of 20 visco-elastic mattresses (Pressurease) and 20 pressure-reducing cushions (Mediform Visco).
    • Monitoring of pressure ulcer prevalence (Stirling grade 1-2) and resident comfort levels using a visual analogue scale.

    Main Results:

    • Initial pressure ulcer prevalence was 58.3% at trial initiation.
    • An 85.7% decrease in pressure ulcers was observed within 4 weeks.
    • An overall reduction of 82.5% in pressure ulcers was achieved over the 6-month study period.
    • Residents reported superior comfort with the Pressurease visco-elastic mattress compared to standard mattresses.

    Conclusions:

    • Visco-elastic foam mattresses are effective in significantly reducing pressure ulcer prevalence.
    • The Pressurease mattress demonstrated superior comfort and efficacy in pressure ulcer prevention.
    • This study supports the use of visco-elastic mattresses as a valuable tool in pressure ulcer prevention strategies.

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