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Structural covariance in the human cortex.

Andrea Mechelli1, Karl J Friston, Richard S Frackowiak

  • 1Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom. andream@fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|September 9, 2005
PubMed
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Human brain cortex gray matter density varies across individuals. Regional densities are coordinated, influenced by genetics and environment, impacting behavior.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Brain Anatomy
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Human cortical morphology shows significant individual variation independent of total brain size.
  • The relationship between gray matter density in related cortical regions remains unclear, with potential influences from trophic factors or plasticity.
  • Understanding these covariances is crucial for mapping brain organization and individual differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate patterns of gray matter density covariance across different human cortical regions.
  • To determine if regional gray matter density can predict densities in other cortical areas.
  • To explore hemispheric symmetry and sex differences in these covariance patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) scans from 172 subjects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Extracted regional gray matter densities from 12 predefined regions of interest (ROIs).
  • Employed voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to predict regional densities in remaining cortical areas.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified significant patterns of positive and negative covariance between cortical regions.
    • Demonstrated that gray matter density in one region predicts density in its homotopic contralateral region, with primary visual cortex as an exception.
    • Observed both symmetrical and asymmetrical covariance patterns relative to the interhemispheric fissure.
    • Found largely consistent covariance patterns between sexes, with notable exceptions in the amygdala and temporal/angular gyri.

    Conclusions:

    • Cortical region densities are coordinated within individuals, suggesting integrated brain organization.
    • These coordinated variations are likely influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
    • The identified covariance patterns may underlie individual behavioral differences.