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Componentry for lower extremity prostheses.

Karen Friel1

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|September 9, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Prosthetic components for lower limb amputations cater to all ambulation levels. Selection depends on patient needs, impacting energy, activity, balance, and proprioception, with special care for diabetes or vascular disease.

Area of Science:

  • Prosthetics and Biomechanics
  • Rehabilitation Engineering

Background:

  • Current prosthetic components for transtibial and transfemoral amputations are designed for diverse ambulation levels.
  • Endoskeletal construction is prevalent, focusing on total contact and optimal weight distribution for comfort and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the range of prosthetic components available for lower limb amputees.
  • To discuss how different components influence patient outcomes like energy expenditure and balance.
  • To highlight considerations for specific patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current prosthetic component technologies, including suspension systems, knees, and foot/ankle assemblies.
  • Categorization of components based on ambulatory function (e.g., fixed-cadence vs. variable-cadence knees).

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  • Identification of specific patient factors influencing prosthetic selection.

    • Main Results:

    • Prosthetic components vary widely, offering tailored benefits for energy expenditure, activity levels, balance, and proprioception.
    • Less dynamic ambulators may utilize simpler systems, while higher-functioning individuals benefit from dynamic response options.
    • Peripheral vascular disease and diabetes require specialized fitting considerations.

    Conclusions:

    • Component selection in lower limb prosthetics is crucial for optimizing patient mobility and function.
    • Matching prosthetic capabilities to individual ambulatory needs is key to successful rehabilitation.
    • Patient-specific health conditions necessitate careful prosthetic component choice and fitting protocols.