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Ocular leishmaniasis: a case report.

G Sadeghian1, M A Nilfroushzadeh, S H Moradi

  • 1Skin Disease and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran. Sadeghian@mui.ac.ir

Dermatology Online Journal
|September 10, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) can rarely affect the eye, even in endemic regions like Iran. This case highlights unusual eyelid and conjunctival involvement, leading to complications despite successful treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a sandfly-transmitted protozoal disease endemic in Iran, typically caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica.
  • Isfahan province exhibits high CL prevalence, with occasional atypical clinical presentations observed.

Observation:

  • This report details a rare case of ocular leishmaniasis involving the eyelid and conjunctiva, mimicking chalazion.
  • The patient presented with trichiasis, a complication of the ocular leishmaniasis.

Findings:

  • Diagnosis was confirmed via direct smear, culture, and PCR analysis of lesion samples.
  • Systemic treatment with sodium stibogluconate (20 mg/kg/day for 20 days) and subsequent trichiasis surgery led to clinical cure.

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Implications:

  • Ocular leishmaniasis, though uncommon, can lead to significant complications such as palpebral and conjunctival scarring, corneal opacity, and eyelash loss.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering leishmaniasis in the differential diagnosis of eyelid and conjunctival lesions, particularly in endemic areas.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to minimize long-term sequelae of ocular leishmaniasis.