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Temporal dynamics of parietal cortex involvement in visual search.

Clive R Rosenthal1, Vincent Walsh, Sabira K Mannan

  • 1Department of Visual Neuroscience, Charing Cross Campus, Imperial College London, St. Dunstan's Road, London W6 8RP, UK. c.rosenthal@imperial.ac.uk

Neuropsychologia
|September 10, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) revealed the parietal cortex is crucial for inefficient visual search. This brain region is involved later in the search process than previously understood.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The parietal cortex plays a role in visual search, but its precise temporal involvement, especially in inefficient search, is not fully understood.
  • Functional neuroimaging studies suggest the parietal cortex is necessary for efficient feature-based visual search.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional-neuroanatomic relationship between the parietal cortex and feature-based visual search using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
  • To determine the temporal dynamics of parietal cortex involvement during different visual search efficiencies and target-selection demands.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve participants performed feature-based visual search tasks with varying efficiency and set sizes.
  • Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was applied over the right posterior parietal cortex at different time points relative to search array onset.

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  • Primary sensorimotor cortex stimulation served as a control, and eye movements were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant reaction time increases were observed only with parietal rTMS during inefficient search (set-size 10).
    • Interference occurred when rTMS was applied early (0-500 ms) and late (500-1000 ms) during inefficient search.
    • Early parietal interference was linked to target detection, while late interference related to search termination.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support the necessity of an intact parietal cortex for inefficient feature-based visual search.
    • The parietal cortex is involved in inefficient visual search later than previously suggested by neuroimaging studies.