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Related Experiment Videos

Stressed or stressed out: what is the difference?

Bruce S McEwen1

  • 1Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA. mcewen@rockefeller.edu

Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience : JPN
|September 10, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Allostasis describes the body's adaptive processes to maintain balance, using mediators like cortisol. Understanding allostasis helps manage the wear and tear from chronic stress, preventing modern diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • The term "stress" is ambiguous; allostasis offers a clearer framework.
  • Allostasis involves adaptive processes maintaining homeostasis via chemical messengers.
  • Mediators of the stress response can cause "allostatic overload" leading to disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the concept of allostasis and its relation to stress.
  • To highlight the dual role of stress mediators in adaptation and overload.
  • To underscore the importance of balancing adaptive responses to stressors.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of stress and adaptation.
  • Review of physiological mediators of the stress response.
  • Exploration of the allostatic overload framework.

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Main Results:

  • Allostasis explains how the body adapts to challenges through mediator production.
  • Chronic overactivity of adaptive systems leads to allostatic overload.
  • Allostatic overload contributes to numerous modern diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The allostasis framework clarifies stress biology, distinguishing protective and damaging effects.
  • Improving adaptive efficiency while minimizing overactivity is crucial for health.
  • Understanding allostasis is key to preventing stress-related illnesses.