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Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
Published on: December 11, 2016
Plasma cytokine changes in relation to exercise intensity and muscle damage
Jonathan M Peake1, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Matthew Hordern
1School of Human Sciences, and Consolidated Research Institute for Advanced Science and Medical Care, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan. iac04127@kurenai.waseda.jp
European Journal of Applied Physiology
|September 10, 2005
Summary
High-intensity exercise significantly boosts anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1ra and IL-10 more than moderate or downhill running. Exercise intensity, not muscle damage, primarily influences these inflammatory mediator changes within an hour post-exercise.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Immunology
- Sports Science
Background:
- Exercise modulates inflammatory responses.
- Understanding the impact of exercise intensity and muscle damage on inflammatory mediators is crucial for training and recovery.
- Cytokines play key roles in regulating inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effects of varying exercise intensity and exercise-induced muscle damage on anti-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators.
- To investigate the acute changes in specific inflammatory markers following different exercise protocols.
Main Methods:
- Nine well-trained male runners performed three distinct exercise trials: moderate-intensity (60% VO2max), high-intensity (85% VO2max), and downhill running (60% VO2max).
- Blood samples were collected pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, and 1 hour post-exercise.
- Plasma concentrations of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-13, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), prostaglandin E(2), leukotriene B(4), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were analyzed.
Main Results:
- IL-1ra, IL-12p40, MCP-1, and HSP70 increased significantly after all exercise trials.
- Prostaglandin E(2) and IL-10 showed significant increases after high-intensity and downhill running trials, with IL-10 only increasing after high-intensity exercise.
- Plasma IL-1ra and IL-10 levels were significantly higher following the high-intensity trial compared to moderate-intensity and downhill running trials.
Conclusions:
- Exercise intensity is a more significant factor than exercise-induced muscle damage in modulating acute anti-inflammatory cytokine production.
- High-intensity exercise elicits a greater increase in specific anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ra, IL-10) within one hour post-exercise.
- These findings provide insights into the differential inflammatory responses to various exercise stimuli.
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