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Small fibre neuropathies.

Giuseppe Lauria¹

¹Immunology and Muscular Pathology Unit, National Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. glauria@isttuto-besta.it

Current Opinion in Neurology

|September 13, 2005

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Recent advances in diagnosing and treating small fibre neuropathies are highlighted. Skin biopsy and new neurophysiological techniques offer sensitive detection of small fibre impairment for earlier diagnosis and future trials.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroscience
Clinical Medicine

Background:

Small fibre neuropathies (SFN) are increasingly recognized.
Advances in diagnostic techniques are enhancing SFN research and clinical interest.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent progress in the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of small fibre neuropathies.
To highlight novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic insights in SFN.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on SFN etiology, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
Focus on advancements in neurophysiological and neuropathological assessment.
Evaluation of skin biopsy as a diagnostic tool for SFN.

Main Results:

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New causes of SFN identified; improved diagnostic techniques developed.

Skin biopsy demonstrates high sensitivity for SFN diagnosis, detecting subclinical nerve abnormalities.

Novel techniques like laser-evoked potentials and contact heat-evoked potentials show promise for SFN assessment.

Conclusions:

Early detection of small fibre impairment aids diagnosis and can serve as an outcome measure in trials.
Standardizing skin biopsy is crucial for clinical practice and research.
Further research is needed to validate neurophysiological techniques for SFN and correlate them with neuropathology.